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El Niño in the Philippines

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el nino in the philippines
El Niño in the Philippines | PIA

 

Get to know some facts about El Niño, the phenomenon that we are currently experiencing in the Philippines.


Facts About El Niño in the Philippines


Did you know that

1. El Niño translates from Spanish as the “Boy Child” or the “Little One”.
2. Usually El Niño occurs every 4 to 12 years and causes a rise in sea surface temperatures across the tropical Pacific by about 1.5 degrees Celsius.
3. The warm current (El Nino) temporarily displaces nutrient-rich upwelling cold water resulting in the heavy harvest of anchovies.


Are you feeling the heat?


Here are some tips on how we can deal with the hot and dry season.


How to deal with El Nino?

1. Wear light-colored clothing that can help you move freely and feel cooler.
2. Avoid exposing yourself to the sun too long to avoid skin diseases and heat stroke.
3. Drink lots of water to avoid dehydration.
4. Conserve water.


You might ask, What is the economic effect of El Nino in the Philippines?


The National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) is optimistic that El Niño will barely affect the inflation rate, which has finally settled within target.


Socioeconomic Planning Assistant Secretary Mercedita Sombilla said on Monday, March 25,  that while El Niño has damaged some rice fields, it would not have a major impact on the country’s rice production. Should there be any effect, Sombilla said it would only delay planting and harvesting.

PNP New Rank Classification To be Used Effective Immediately

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PNP has released the implementing rules and regulations with regard to the new rank classification and abbreviation to be used effective immediately. (maan macapagal)

PNP, inilabas na ang tamang abbreviation sa bagong rank classification ng mga pulis. (@DZMMTeleRadyo)

Modification of Rank Classification in the PNP

Present Nomenclature               New Nomenclature                   Abbreviation

Police Director General - (Police General - PGEN)
Police Deputy Director General - (Police Lieutenant General - PLTGEN)
Police Director - (Police Major General - PMGEN)
Police Chief Superintendent - (Police Brigadier General - PBGEN)
Police Senior Superintendent - (Police Colonel - PCOL)
Police Superintendent - (Police Lieutenant Colonel - PLTCOL)
Police Chief Inspector - (Police Major - PMAJ)
Police Senior Inspector - (Police Captain - PCPT)
Police Inspector - (Police Lieutenant - PLT)
Senior Police Officer IV - (Police Executive Master Sergeant - PEMS)
Senior Police Officer III - (Police Chief Master Sergeant - PCMS)
Senior Police Officer II - (Police Senior Master Sergeant - PSMS)
Senior Police Officer I - (Police Master Sergeant - PMSG)
Police Officer III - (Police Staff Sergeant - PSSG)
Police Officer II - (Police Corporal - PCpl)
Police Officer I - (Patrolman/Patrolwoman - Pat)


Remember that the modification of PNP Rank Classification is pursuant to RA. No. 11200 signed into law by President Duterte on February 8, 2019.

Generic Aggravating Circumstances vs. Qualifying Aggravating Circumstances

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Distinguish generic aggravating circumstances from qualifying aggravating circumstances.

Generic Aggravating Circumstances
a. affects only the imposition of the penalty prescribed but not the nature of the crime committed;
b. can be offset by ordinary mitigating circumstances;
c. need not be alleged in the information as long as proven during the trial, same shall be considered in imposing the sentence.

Qualifying Aggravating Circumstances
a. must be alleged in the information and proven during trial;
b. cannot be offset by mitigating circumstances;
c. affects the nature of the crime or brings about a penalty higher in degree than that ordinarily prescribed.

Related:

Aggravating Circumstances
Mitigating Circumstances

Blumentritt LRT Station

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blumentritt lrt station
Blumentritt LRT Station | Lahi

 

The Ferdinand Blumentritt Light Railway Transit Station is located between Abad Santos station and Tayuman LRT station.

Blumentritt station was named after Ferdinand Blumentritt. He is a teacher. Blumetritt is a friend and advisor of Jose Rizal, Philippines’ national hero.

He translated Jose Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere in German and wrote introductions for El Filibusterismo and Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas.

His written correspondences with Dr.Jose Rizal provided vital information for historians. (LRT Origins)

Blumentritt LRT Station came into prominence in 2000, when Metro Manila was terrified by the infamous ‘Rizal Day bombing’ that killed 10 people and wounded more than a hundred commuters.(untvweb)

Presently, bottled water and other liquids are not allowed in LRT stations because LRT management would not risk the safety of its passengers and exert all efforts to avoid a repeat of the Rizal Day bombing 18 years ago.

Who is Amihan?

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amihan
Amihan | Lahi


According to the stories, Amihan saved our ancestors, “Malakas and Maganda” from the confinement of a bamboo.


She is one of the first three creatures in the world, including Bathala (Heaven) and Aman-Sinaya (Sea).


She claims to have no gender and is symbolized by a golden bird. (Filipino Mythology)

 

Ayon sa mga kwento, si Amihan ang nagligtas sa ating mga ninuno na sina Malakas at Maganda mula sa pagkakakulong sa isang kawayan.

 

Isa siya sa unang tatlong nilalang sa mundo, kasama nina Bathala (Langit) at Aman-Sinaya (Dagat).

 

Sinasabing wala siyang kasarian at isinisimbulo ng isang gintong ibon.

Arturo Alcaraz "Father of Geothermal Energy"

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arturo alcaraz
Arturo Alcaraz (Father of Geothermal Energy) | Lahi | kahimyang.com

Arturo Alcaraz is considered as the Father of Geothermal Energy in the Philippines.

He graduated at the top of his class from Baguio City High School in 1933. But there was no school of mining in the Philippines, so he entered the College of Engineering, University of the Philippines in Manila. A year later–when Mapua Institute of Technology, also in Manila, offered a degree in mining engineering–Alcaraz transferred there and received his Bachelor of Science in Mining Engineering from Mapua in 1937.(thoughtco)

After graduation, he received an offer from the Philippines Bureau of Mines as an aide in the geology division, which he accepted. A year after he began his job at the Bureau of Mines, he won a government scholarship to continue his education and training. He went to Madison Wisconsin, where he attended the University of Wisconsin and earned a Master of Science in Geology in 1941.

Arturo Alcaraz won the prestigious IBM Science and Technology Award.

He explored the possibility of using geothermal steam to power homes and industries. He succeeded in 1967.

On July 9, 1985, Arturo Pineda Alcaraz, a volcanologist and acknowledged “father of geothermal energy” won the IBM Science and Technology Award.

Alcaraz, who earned his Masters of Science degree in Geology at the University of Wisconsin in the United States as a government scholar, pioneered in generating electricity by means of geothermal steam among areas proximate to volcanoes.

With a vast and extensive knowledge of volcanoes in the Philippines, Alcaraz explored the possibility of harnessing geothermal steam to produce energy. He succeeded in 1967 when the country’s first geothermal plant produced much-needed electricity, ushering the era of geothermal-based energy to power up homes and industries.

In 1951 when the Commission on Volcanology was officially created under the National Research Council, Alcaraz was appointed Chief Volcanologist, a post he held until 1974.

Along with his colleagues, he was able to set up a working model in Tiwi, Albay. He was also able to prove that energy can be generated by geothermal energy.

Steam from a one-inch hole drilled 400 feet to the ground powered a turbogenerator that lighted up a light bulb. It was a milestone in the Philippines’ quest for energy self-sufficiency. Thus, Alcaraz carved his name in the global field of Geothermal Energy and Mining.

Alcaraz was the 1982 Ramon Magsaysay Award recipient for government service for his scientific insight and selfless perseverance in guiding Filipinos to understand and use one of their greatest natural resources.

You may want to read:

When is surrender by an accused considered voluntary?

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When is surrender by an accused considered voluntary, and constitutive of the mitigating circumstance of voluntary surrender?

A surrender by an offender is considered voluntary when it is spontaneous, indicative of an intent to submit unconditionally to the authorities.

To be mitigating, the surrender must be:
(a) spontaneous, i.e., indicative of acknowledgment of guilt and not for convenience nor conditional;
(b) made before the government incur expenses, time, and effort in tracking down the offender's whereabouts; and
(c) made to a person in authority or the latter's agents.


Related:

Mitigating Circumstances
Aggravating Circumstances
Justifying Circumstances
Alternative Circumstances
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